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Follow us Income of the Urban Elderly in Postreform China: Political Capital, Human Capital, and the State
Raymo, James, and Yu Xie. 1997. "Income of the Urban Elderly in Postreform China: Political Capital, Human Capital, and the State." PSC Research Report No. 97-404. September 1997.
Using data from a 1992 nationally representative survey, this paper examines income inequality among the elderly in contemporary urban China. Focusing on the potential disequalizing impact of economic reforms, it shows that unequal access to pension coverage and preferential pensions rewarding political capital are important sources of income inequality among the elderly. It also shows that opportunities in the emerging labor market for retirees are more egalitarian than previously suggested. The continued importance of direct returns to political capital exposes the limitations of the prevailing approach, taken by existing studies of income inequality in post-socialist or reforming-socialist economies, which focuses exclusively on productive and redistributive resources.
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